How does fiber consumption affect cholesterol levels?

• A. It raises HDL cholesterol levels
• B. It lowers LDL cholesterol levels
• C. It has no effect on cholesterol levels
• D. It increases total cholesterol

Answer: (B)

Fiber consumption has a significant beneficial effect on cholesterol levels, particularly in lowering LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. Dietary fiber, especially soluble fiber found in foods such as oats, beans, lentils, apples, and citrus fruits, binds to bile acids in the intestines. This binding action helps to remove bile acids from the body, prompting the liver to produce more bile acids to replace them. Since bile acids are made from cholesterol, this process helps to lower the levels of LDL cholesterol in the bloodstream.

By reducing LDL cholesterol, dietary fiber contributes to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and helps improve overall heart health. Thus, the role of dietary fiber in managing cholesterol levels is supported by various studies and guidelines, recognizing its importance in a heart-healthy diet.